Taiwan topped the agenda during two days of talks between U.S. and Chinese defense officials that ended Tuesday in Beijing.
China reminded the U.S. delegation that it considers Taiwan the most divisive issue in relations with Washington.
A Chinese spokesman says the sides did not discuss the European Union's proposal to lift its 1989 arms embargo against Beijing. The U.S. is opposed to the move.
The defense policy talks marked a further improvement in military relations between the U.S. and China, which were frozen after a U.S. reconnaissance plane collided with a Chinese fighter jet in 2001.
A senior Chinese military official is quoted by a state newspaper as saying U.S. Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld may visit China this year.